In This Book Report I Read The Book D-Day And Tells U About The Essays

In this book report I read the book D-Day and tells u about the time before and the grueling battles that led up to the most memorable and most important day of this century, June 6, 1944, that was D-Day. Also I will mention key points and describe to you what intricate planning and grueling strategy that out smarted the German forces. What really decided the outcome of the war was determined by three things the number of allies, the number of soldiers that where positioned right so that they could defend each area equally, but the problem with the German forces was that they conquered so much land that they couldn't defend it all and that was one main reason the they lost the war. The last main reason was who had more and better weaponry. Which the Germans had a big advantage for the first part of the war. The weapons that they had was the V-2, it was the worlds first medium-range ballistic missile, it wasn't military weapon at all, but a terrorist device. They also had invented the ME-262 twin jet fighter ready for serial production. Its cruising speed was 520 miles per hour, more than 120 miles an hour faster than any plane the allies could send against it, and it mounted four 33mm canon it was known as the Blitz Bomber . When Hitler saw the 262's capabilities he was very impressed, but he wanted something that could bomb London. Another big thing that the Germans used was the B-17 bombers. Hitler was very pleased with them and they were perfect for the 262's to escort them. For example Hitler used the B-17 at the raid of the Berlin March. He used 1,250 B-17 and had 14 groups of jet fighters (262's) and he didn't lose not one plane. The Americans on the other hand had some weapon advantages that had been invented by the British, an American ally, that proved good in the long run such as the LST and the LCT. LST stands for Landing Ship Tank which was a big ship, as big as a light cruiser, 327 feet, displacing 4,000 tons, but it was flat bottomed thus it was hard to control... it was capable of grounding and discharging Tanks and Trucks on shallow beaches. It could carry over a dozen tanks. The LCT was a 110 ft long. Capable of carrying 4 to 8 tanks across wide bodies of water, such as the channel, even in rough seas, and discharging its cargo over a ramp. When America came into the war, it took on that ask of al LST and most LCT production. In the process considerably improving the designs. The LSTs and the LCTs became the work horses of the allies, but the bad thing about them was that they were extremely slow, cumbersome, and very very easy targets. The Americans really didn't enjoy having this duty because it took away from a lot of guns and ammo supply. Winston Churchill complained with some hostility that " the destinies of two great empires..... seemed to be tied up in some g**d****d things called LST's" Another big factor of the war was the generals because without generals then you wouldn't of had have the brilliance behind the two sides plans of attack. The two soldiers were Dwight Eisenhower and Erwin Rommel. They were only born a year apart with Dwight being the oldest. They were both born in small towns. Eisenhower born in Abilene, Kansas and Rommel on Gmund, Swabia. they were very athletic and were very active in there child hood so they were and real good shape. They also had there down falls like Rommel had a tendency for breaking the rules. Dwight's biggest down fall was that he was a constant smoker and he was smoking up to four packs a day. Which he never quit, but despite that he was still a good leader, mentor, and father to these young soldiers. Lt. Ed There, one of Eisenhower subortinants, said quote " Our new captain, Eisenhower by name, is, I believe, one of the most efficient and best Army officers in the country..... He has given us wonderful bayonet drills. He gets the fellows imaginations worked up and hollers and yells and makes us shout and stomp until we go tearing into the air as if we meant business." (end quote) Rommel had a reputation of being a tough guy, but he still had people that admired him Rommel's regimental commander wrote of him in 1934 " Head and shoulders above

buy custom Development Through Interaction essay

buy custom Development Through Interaction essay INTRODUCTION The role parents and adults play in a childs development is very essential if they were to grow up into normal adults. This is because children over the age of 2 and under the age of 6, as young as they may appear, learn fast through doing and copy pasting behaviors therefore they need proper environments and proper corrective measures whenever they go wrong. Proper day cares and play mates also define what they grow up into. For instance a boy that grows up in a family environment where the father is abusive, chances are high he may grow up to become an irresponsible adult living an extreme life of either being abusive or lacking self esteem and motivation. ESSAY A low self esteem is the first step into many of the problems found in our societies; rapists and drug addicts are only but a few of such resultants while a high self esteem means to be accepted and valued in a way that this growing future generation feels wanted and appreciated in their surroundings . Consider a family that values education in that every family member is expected to be a top performer. In such a setting, children who do excel in their tests are likely fit in well thus high self esteem. On other hand, children who appear helpless in their academics and are subjected criticism from their teachers and parents suffer from low self esteem. From a smile at a time and constant attention grows a child that feels loved and appreciated (NAESP 1991). This in turn helps them as they reach a school going age and learn to interact with their surrounding helping them ealuate and choose good playmates and adults they can look up to. Praising a child for hard work either at school or at home helps develop their talent, but over praising them makes it habitual and can be disastrous when at a given point in time they encounter failure at first glance this way, they are bound to get hurt. Finding therefore better ways of praising children not only builds their self confidence but also builds that character in a way that grows a balanced character that believes in hard work as a key to success. As much as children are not to be over praised for finishing their homework in time they also should not be praise whenever they do something wrong (Collins 1984). Learning to give constructive criticism to good performance in a way helps better growth, a proper example for is would be a mother who by reminding me of how hard I had studied whenever I brought home from school good results made me study even harder to make her happy. Every child is born in their own unique way. However the caregiver and a culture to which a child is attached to strongly affect their emotional control in a way that teaches us to understand how to take care of them and teach them whenever a bad habit if acquired. Where we live, how we interact with each other when we are near them and also who we name as their care givers whether a professional nanny, the male or the female parent, the grandparents, the elder siblings or it could be the neighborhood teenager who comes in as a baby sitter are just some of the care givers. A culture will include the parentage to which a baby is born for instance Black American family wwill have a way of life thats different from a traditional Asian family. A child with proper care in early life tends have proper social relations as they grow up and this may result in stable emotions.(Collins 1984) On the other hand, a child that grew up lacking proper care would end up emotionally under developed. Lastly, physical punishment is the intentional act of instilling physical pain by rod or by bare hand to punish errant children in order to prevent them from redoing their mistakes again. A saying goes spare the rod spoil the child supports physical punishment as an educative form of punishment as it instills instant discipline to the errant. Quick and less costly, this form of punishment saves time allowing both parties to get back to their tasks. A school example is where a teacher punishes a student that fails to do their homework an thereafter the two can do their remaining class hours without having to waste time. The cons against such type of punishment will include: lowering the self esteem of both parties which might have bad impacts; it being a method that has short term results renders it ineffective. Alternatively, we might use other methods that will prove why the action was wrong to the errant child in a way that they would not want to repeat the same mistakes; physical punishment may also train our children to be violent in a way that they turn into rebels(Vockell 1991), bully their peers and carry such an out dated form of punishment into their adulthood; and this form of punishment is outlawed in many states around the world as its a from of child abuse that might get the punisher into trouble. Buy custom Development Through Interaction essay

Brand Management for Rolex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Brand Management for Rolex - Essay Example The essay "Brand Management for Rolex" analyzes the strategies that have made Rolex a famous brand. It is a descriptive case study. In this case study, the qualitative method has been followed. The data that is used in this case study is secondary data and it has been collected through websites and books. Brand management is about developing an image of a brand and also maintaining it. Brand management helps a company to define any product, position the product, and deliver it to the customer. It is an ability to generate and sustain the brand. A strong brand is an asset for a company which discriminates any product from other alternative products. It can set an additional image to the product of the company. With regard to establishing brand image, Rolex always prefers to use certain traveler or singer or other stylish people for advertisement purposes. Rolex seeks selective media for advertising their products which can help to form the image of the brand as well as control the advertisement cost. Rolex is extremely elegant to accomplish multiple factors while spending least amount of money which can help to maintain the balance between optimal cost and profit. Through their good marketing skills, Rolex successfully increases their fans and earn the honor and faith of Rolex user. From the early 1930s, Rolex focuses on product quality. The advertisement of Rolex was limited to just product level and made by using verbal statements and graphics. Rolex depicted that its products are targeted to only high-class customers.

Vegetarian diets versus eating meat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Vegetarian diets versus eating meat - Essay Example Other than the health perspective of eating vegetables, a close look at the chicken production in factory farms gives us another reason not to eat meat. According to Scott Bronstein(1991) article on poultry inspection of the nations poultry plants, every week, millions of chicken leaking yellow puss, stained feces, contaminated by diseases causing bacteria, with lung, heart, and skin infections are shipped for sale to consumers. Scott continues that, the birds are beheaded and gutted by powerful machines. Contaminations often occur at this point as the high-speed machines rip open the intestines commonly spilling the feces on the meat and body cavities. Such contamination is what we eat the chicken we often purchase. It is high time individuals decide whether it is cheap chicken or their health. I am supporting my opinion on a vegetarian diet. It a non-complicated position or decision. My opinion regarding vegetarianism is that I support for vegetarianism, but also a position on wise r animal agriculture. It is also a stance for the acceptance of a more omnivore diet. The safety of our animals products especially factory meat is questionable. The contamination and inconsistencies in following health protocols and ensuring the food products are of safe is a concern. On the contrary, it is clear that a vegetarian diet may pose less threat to our health compared to factory animal products.Despite the fact that eating vegetable requires no consumption of dairy products, fish, seafood, meat.

James Matthew Barrie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

James Matthew Barrie - Essay Example Barrie himself, in the novel titled by his mother's name, Margaret Ogilvy (1896), describes his mother's very careful ways: She begins the day by the fireside with the New Testament in her hands, an old volume with its loose pages beautifully refixed, and its covers sewn and resewn by her, so that you would say it can never fall to pieces. It is mine now, and to me the black threads with which she stitched it are as part of the contents. Other books she read in the ordinary manner, but this one differently, her lips moving with each word as if she were reading aloud, and her face very solemn. The Testament lies open on her lap long after she has ceased to read, and the expression of her face has not changed. (Chapter 3) Books were indeed very common in the Barrie household and would surely sow the seeds of imagination in the young James that would do him very well in his writing career. Margaret would read the classics in "Robinson Crusoe" and "Arabian Nights," among many others, together with her children, thus giving them the desire to read and to allow their creativity fly. Yet, as any biography of the respected novelist and playwright will surely mention, an important moment in Barrie's youth was the tragic death of his older brother, David, in a senseless skating accident before the 14th birthday. David had been a favorite of the mother and from this accident she never fully recovered. The young James, barely seven at the time of the tragedy, made every loving attempt to console his mother, once even wearing David's suit. Only then was he "rewarded with the first intent glances of his mother toward him" (Sarris, Page 1) This key event in Barrie's youth would turn into one of the most unforgettable images in his art, because in the eyes of his mother, comfort was found in the fact "that her dead son would remain a boy forever, never to grow up and leave her" (Wikipedia, Page 1). Barrie managed to complete his education at Dumfries Academy at the University of Edinburgh with an M.A. in 1882. He started professional work as a journalist for a local newspaper before moving to London in 1885, freelancing for national dailies and magazines. After three years in London, Barrie produced his first novel, Better Dead (1888) - a funny whodunit about the imaginary deaths of the most famous celebrities at the time. Indeed, his own fame would soon follow with a series of novels based on his hometown of Kirriemuir, beginning with Auld Licht Idylls (1888), A Window in Thrums (1889), and The Little Minister (1891). Soon after, with his working together with Charles Frohman, Barrie realized his ambitions of writing plays which in turn made his stature grow as one of Britain's most popular writers. His penthouse would entertain a continuous line of visitors including ministers, royalties, politicians, artists, celebrities, socialites and a list of who's who in society at tha t time. Already, he counted the most famous writers as his friends: Arthur Conan Doyle, Robert Louis Stevenson, Thomas Hardy, H.G. Wells, Jerome K. Jerome, George Bernard Shaw. His influence was beginning to exert itself well that he even managed to form a cricket team of these literature giants called the "Allahakbarries," a

Characteristics of Experimental Research

Characteristics of Experimental Research 1) Hatties (2003) participants were classified as experienced or expert according to the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards certification process. This process is based on the best available evidence of what constitutes high standards of teaching and learning and has been rigorously researched and evaluated. On the boards website it says All of the research contributes to understanding and improving the National Board Certification process. Yet, it is misleading to draw major conclusions about the overall value and impact of National Board Certification based solely on individual studies. No single study or small group of studies can effectively describe the range of impact of the National Board Certification process. (see http://www.nbpts.org/resources/research/impact_of_certification#impact) They stop short of saying that the research proves that accreditation improves the quality of teaching and learning and this is in accord to with what Johnson and Christensen (2008) say you [should] eliminate the word prove from your vocabulary when you are talking about research? p22 What does Johnson and Christensen (2008) mean and why are the NBPST so modest about their claims? On the contrary to the misunderstandings by many that a hypothesis can be tested and proven to be true through research, Johnson and Christensen (2008) asserts that research is not a tool based on which a phenomena can be proved to be true. It is a systematic process which acquires data of a relevant topic or an issue, analyses the data, interprets and reports information. Research helps to understand a particular assumption or a claim to be reasonable, unreasonable or assist to understand the reality. Johnson and Christensen (2008) chapters one, two and three helps to understand that there are two approaches to research: qualitative and quantitative research, which have led to different methods of inquiry in order to understand what is to be true or what constitute reality. Hatties (2003) research indicates the importance of educational research in understanding the important factors contributing to teaching and learning. However, as each educational setting differs from another, ed ucators need to be able to read and to interpret research findings to their own contexts to be able to have better implications. According to Johnson and Christensen (2008), and McMillan (2004), educators also need to be able to question the quality of the research and take into consideration the credibility of the research and the usefulness of the outcomes in making informed decisions about teaching and learning in their own contexts. Johnson and Christensen (2008) suggest that better judgment cannot be based on a single or small sample research studies but multiple studies using mixed methods research methods. Generalizing the research outcomes in to the educational settings needs to be based on the quality and the nature of study taken place, participants and the research methods used and comparing other studies to see if there are any correlating conclusion on previous studies 2) What is the key defining characteristic of experimental research? Active manipulation of an independent variable is the key defining characteristic of an experimental research. The characteristic of experimental research is where the researcher objectively observes a phenomena which is made to occur in a strictly controlled situation where one or more variables are systematically changed by manipulation. Active manipulation is not involved in any other types of research. Because of this à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦experimental research provides the strongest evidence of all the research methods about the existence of cause and effect relationships (Johnson, Christensen 2008,p.41) 3) A researcher discovered that students who studied mathematics at University scored higher on a test of problem solving ability at the end of their degree than students who did not. The researcher argued that the study of mathematics should be encouraged because it improves a students ability to solve problems What type of design is this? Do you agree with the researchers conclusion? Give reasons. What type of design is this? Quantitative, causal-comparative research design. Do you agree with the researchers conclusion? Give reasons. Do not agree with the research conclusion. Johnson Christensen suggesrts that a well design experimental research is virtually always better for determining cause and effect than causal-comparative research or any other type of non experimental research(p.43). Due to the fact that non experimental research does not allow for manipulation of independent variables and weaker techniques of controlling extraneous variables, cause and effect relationships are unable to be substantiated. Cause and effect is better explained in experimental research than in causal-comparative research (pp.43, 48). According to Johnson Christensen (2008.pp.43-48), and McMillan (2004. P194), there are times that causal-comparative research necessary to be conducted. The purpose of this research intended to be to investigate causal relationships when an experiment is not possible. However, the research needs to have prior research evidence to substantiate or validate claims made by the research been conducted. Causal comparative research needs to demonstrate that all extraneous variables are being recognized and considered for an impartial conclusion. Due to the fact that the existing groups are used in the comparison, attention needs to be given to the possible differences in characteristics and other factors which might influence the research outcome. Causal comparative research often fails to demonstrate the influences of extraneous variables on the research participants. 4) Contrast the main characteristics of phenomenological and ethnographic approaches to research. Give an illustration of how each approach could be applied to questions that are relevant to your workplace Phenomenological and ethnographical research approaches are two of five Qualitative research methods and all of which share some common characteristics. Phenomenology understands the essence of experience. Phenomenological study focuses on how research participants experience certain phenomena. The researchers describe and interpret the experience of the participants in order to understand their own perspectives of the phenomenon. As Merleau-Ponty (1962) states, We can only really understand phenomenology by doing it there is a difference between comprehending phenomenology intellectually and understanding it from the inside (van Manen 1984). (Observation: a complex research method.(Ethnological methods). http://find.galegroup.com.simsrad.net.ocs.mq.edu.au/ Ethnographic research however, is not about individual perception or experience, its about a group perceptions, people or a cultural belonging or social norms. Ethnographic study intends to provide in-depth descriptions and identification of cultural norms or values such as attitudes, practices and norms among a group of people. The researchers include a holistic account in describing how a someone become a part of a group: how they interact and how they identify themselves as a group. Ethnography at the work place would identify how the team operates within the work environment; the identity of the team; common practices which would identify the characteristic of the team. Ethnography enables people to adapt or adopt to be part of the work environment; to belong to the team. Phenomenology would identify how individuals operate and perceives situations, concepts and issues. It helps to analyse personal experiences of different individuals. E.g. how one person experience or understands an issue or a concept might be different to another person. Therefore the experience and the interpretations are different. 5) In his paper, Hattie (2003) draws upon a number of lines of evidence to show that it is what teachers do that makes a difference to student outcomes, and he then reports on a study which attempts to show what expert teachers do. Firstly, he alludes to studies that employ Hierarchical Linear Modeling techniques which demonstrate that what teachers do has an important impact on student learning (see page 1). Next, he describes the results of a series of Meta Analyses which show that different the sorts of activities which teachers do have different effects on student learning (see page 3). Then, he reports on the results of a literature review which identifies the characteristics of expert teachers (see page 5). Finally, he describes a study (see page 10) which demonstrates that these characteristics can in fact differentiate between expert and merely experienced teachers. In other words he has shown that these are meaningful characteristics and are therefore things that teachers should aspire to as they are markers of high standards of teaching and learning. The following table shows the forms of data which Hattie (2003) used in his study to assess the 15 dimensions they used to distinguish expert from experienced teachers. Name the research paradigm he used in this study and describe its advantages. Which specific type of design did he employ (please give reasons for your choice?) The Research paradigm Hattie (2003) uses is the Mixed methods research Design, a combination of Qualitative and Quantitative research methods. In his study, Hattie identifies meaningful characteristics and proposes a paradigm, a view that teachers should aspire to become expert teachers as opposed to becoming experienced in order to promote better outcomes for teaching and learning. He distinguishes the expert and the experienced teacher, and the influence they have on childrens learning outcomes. He arrived at these conclusions by using Mixed method research model in order to demonstrate credibility of his study and the research outcome. The research framework used by a researcher is important as it guides the research and it affects the research outcomes. The quality of a research depends on the methods of data collection, and the quality is influenced and enhanced by multiple methods of data collection. If only one method of research is used, the research findings might be influen ced by the limitations of the techniques used and therefore considered as a weaker study and the limitations needs to be explained. Multiple methods allow for credibility and strengthens the research outcome therefore allows for a strong proposition of the study being conducted. Johnson and Christensen 2004, (p.51) suggest using multiple perspectives and research methods in a single study strengthens the purpose of the study and provides clarity and credibility compared to a study used a single research methodology. Although different research methods have its own strengths and weaknesses, the researchers ability to use the mixed method design successfully prevents the research outcomes showing overlapping weaknesses. The fundamental process of mixed method research suggests it is wise to collect multiple sets of data using different research methods and approaches in such a way that the resulting mixture or combination has complementary strength and non overlapping weaknesses (p.51 ). As Johnson and Christensen suggest that an experimental research is able to better demonstrate causality but limited in realism due to the experimental setting that the research is being conducted. Realism is well demonstrated in ethnographic studies where the researcher is able to observe participants in their natural settings but limited in demonstrating causality compared to the experimental methodologies. As Hatties study consist of a variety of methods, it suggest a strong validity for his findings and therefore able to use it as an argument proposing that teacher needs to aspire to become experts in promoting better learning outcomes for children. 6) Identify the research topic(s), research problem(s), research purpose(s) and research question(s) in Brighton and Hertbergs (2004). Brighton, C., M. Hertberg, H., L. (2004). Reconstructing the vision: Teachers responses to the invitation to change. Research in Middle Level Education Online, 27(2), 1-20. Identify the research topic(s), Teacher Attitudes;  Teacher Response;  Educational Change;  Classroom Techniques;  Instructional Innovation;  Attitude Change;  Teaching Models variety of factors, including teachers pre-existing beliefs about teaching and learning, and teachers willingness and capacity for reflection greatly influence their responses to differentiation in heterogeneous, middle school classrooms. Research problem(s), Many teachers in these settings downplay the differences among the students and teach to the middle, not catering for childrens individual needs Not catering for increasingly diverse student population heterogeneously grouped classrooms are consistent with middle school philosophy as well as recommendations from leading middle school advocacy groups, Educational philosophy Research purpose(s) Address the variation in student academic readiness, interests, and learning profiles. . Research question(s) 1. What are teachers responses to the invitation to change their beliefs and practices to better address students academic diversity? 2. What patterns of teachers responses to this invitation emerge? 7) The Director of a local Preschool wants to know whether children should begin the day with a flag raising ceremony and the singing of the National Anthem. Is this a researchable question as stated? Why or why not? If not, how might you modify it to become one? Is this a researchable question as stated? No Why or why not? It is unethical Best practice of educational research is to avoid questions which are sensitive to moral and ethical principles and practices, and should not be subjected to empirical research for solutions. Flag and the National Anthem inform nationhood and identity of a country and a group of people. Therefore, suggesting whether the flag should be raised is unethical and unethical questions are inappropriate to be researched. Christenson and Johnson states these ideas typically involves making judgments of aesthetics, morality and religions(p.64).what is morally right, and proper and improper differs from one culture to another culture. The directors intention to raise the flag and to sing the national Anthem has potential to foster a sense of cultural identity within the preschool community. One could question which flag will be raised? What is the dynamic of the preschool setting? What is the contributing factor to initiate such a practice? Is the whole community represented with one flag? Is the flag representative of all cultures or a particular group? Is it going to foster unity or divide? What is the purpose of this suggestion? Individual beliefs and practices are influenced by the cultural practices and the society that people are part of and these beliefs and values are instilled from an early age. People are therefore sense and feel differently about issues and practices. Raising the flag and singing the National Anthem is culturally specific and the need to initiate such a ceremony needs to be clearly explained. Searching for ethics provided a valuable article which is worth mentioning, perhaps not directly relevant to the question being asked, yet provides an insight about humanity. Recent Russian history should have put to rest the view that everything is learned and man is infinitely malleable. After 75 years of cruel tyranny during which every effort was made to destroy civil society to create the New Soviet Man, we learn that people kept civil society alive, if not well. The elemental building blocks of that society were not isolated individuals easily trained to embrace any doctrine or adopt any habits; they were families, friends, and intimate groupings in which sentiments of sympathy, reciprocity, and fairness survived and struggled to shape behaviorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..Mankinds moral sense is not a strong beacon light, radiating outward to illuminate in sharp outline all that it touches. It is, rather, a small candle flame, casting vague and multiple shadows, flickering and sputtering i n the strong winds of power and passion, greed and ideology. But brought close to the heart and cupped in ones hands, it dispels the darkness and warms the soul. The moral sense: presidential address, American Political Science Association, 1992. American Political Science Review  87.n1  (March 1993):  pp1(11). http://find.galegroup.com.simsrad.net.ocs.mq.edu.au/ If not, how might you modify it to become one? Children growing up knowing and singing the National Anthem and being part of flag raising ceremonies can be positive experiences.. One way the question can be modified to reflect the preschool program is to focus on the routine by explaining the reason for such a proposition and to explain how this will be carried out. Question: Dear parents and families, Would you like to give permission for your child to participate in a morning routine where the children will have the opportunity to raise the flag and to sing the National Anthem? Through this experience the children will have the opportunity to become familiar with the National Anthem and will have the opportunity participate in the practical experience of raising the flag. Children will do this by being part of small groups and will have turns in raising the flag on different days. Please circle yes or no or feel free to write any comments as your inputs are valuable to our program. Yes No Other comments:______________________________________ 8) How do quantitative and qualitative research questions differ in structure? In quantitative research, the questions are clearly and consciously articulated to communicate what will be studied. An important aspect of the question formulation is to convey the information about the variables which will be investigated. Knowing or understanding the variable is an important element in quantitative studies. An example of a quantitative question would be Do children from low socio economic families, who attend preschool programs five days a week develop fluent writing skills compared to who do not? In the quantitative studies, the question will specify or name the variables and often may explain how they may be related in single statements. Qualitative studies, like quantitative research involves looking at a general problem. However structuring of specific statements and questions differ greatly. Purpose and the logic of questions differ compared to quantitative questions. Qualitative questions are more open ended, general, and does not involves variables. As an example, What can preschool teachers do to enhance childrens literacy learning? In general, qualitative questions are more open ended and quantitative questions are close ended. (Johnson Christensen, McMillan 2004) 9) An investigator wishes to identify the factors that predict persistence in problem solving tasks. In an application to the Ethics committee he describes a study in which observations are made of preschool children who are given 5 minutes to solve a puzzle. However, in reality the puzzle has no solution. What are the major ethical issues raised by this study and what procedures should the experimenter employ to comply with ethical standards? Child development and early child hood education and care literatures inform that childrens ability to complete tasks or to engage in problem solving experiences are guided by their environments, the adults around them, their moods, interests and many other factors of the times. A childs ability to persist cannot be measured by a 5 minutes observation with manipulating a puzzle. Childrens skills and abilities vary according to their developmental stages and the opportunities they have with learning experiences. Each child is unique in his or her developmental status. Perhaps the research could have focused on childrens ability to concentrate in tasks by providing a number of activities for children to choose from and by observing their attention with the chosen activity. Johnson and Christensen states many of the tests that are used with preschool children are referred to as screening tests rather than intelligence tests or academic achievement tests primarily because the predictive validity of many of the preschool tests is weak (p160). Therefore, an achievement test of puzzle and problem solving is not appropriate for a preschool age group. Procedures that the experimenter needs to employ to comply with ethical standards: The researcher needs to have informed consent from the participants, and in this case from parents or guardians, and given the purpose of the study, procedures, risks, benefits, alternative procedures and limits of confidentiality. 10) The purpose of this question is to start you thinking more deeply about an area of practice that interests and to introduce you and your interests to the group. This will enable individuals with similar interests to find one other and begin working cooperatively designing studies in subsequent modules qualitative (Module 3), non-experimental quantitative (Module 4) and experimental studies (Module 5). Please note that you are not bound by what you write here, you can change your area of interest at any time during the unit. Briefly describe please give a brief, informative and relevant title to your area of interest School readiness or transition to school programs in early childhood education an area of practice that you would like to research parents expectations of children being ready for school in early childhood settings, concepts and beliefs around the topic, Education Departments suggestions of preferred skills and knowledge as the children start school some problems that are relevant to the ongoing debate in the area some parents expect that their children to be able to write their names and know the alphabet before commencing school early childhood education in the longs day care settings and the teaching methods employed in the preschool settings parents assumptions of learning occurs at preschool and care is provided at the early child hood settings 11) Compile a literature review: On-line database searching skills Before you begin this question you should read the Finding resources module and follow the links to the Librarys support documents. Of particular interest are Library research methods: Educational Studies and, depending on your area of interest, either Researching a topic: Early Childhood Education or Researching a topic: Education Conduct four searches using Macquarie Librarys information sources (ie catalogue or on-line databases recommended for Education or Early Childhood Education) for information about your area of research interest and summarise your experience in the table below (NB this is adapted from the Research Log contained in Library research methods: Educational Studies). Briefly comment on any difficulties you faced and any strategies you might use to improve the results of subsequent searches. Search # Source Catalogue eg: MU Library Catalogue Database eg: ERIC Search Type Basic or Advanced Keyword Subject Author Search Strategy Search terms Operators (and, or) Limits Truncation Total # of hits Related terms i.e.: Descriptors Subject headings Preferred terms 1 Eric database CSA illumina Basic Key word search 16738 School readiness 2 Eric database CSA illumina Advanced, key word search Full text, Peer reviewed articles, Boolean search and or, Limit to 2009-2010, Truncation Child*, preschool* 399 Transition to school Writing skills Early learning Early childhood 3 A+ Education Informit Advanced, key word search Full text, Peer reviewed articles, Boolean search and or, Limit to 2005-2010, Truncation early childhood education* 30 School readiness Writing skills Early childhood education Preschool education 4 Expanded Academic Asap database Infotrac provider Advanced, key word search Boolean search and or Limited to Full text, peer reviewed articles All dates Truncation children* 2 literacy learning transition to school Preschool children literacy learning Comments: Need more practice on using the truncations effectively. Question Learning outcome Source 1 Understands the scientific approach to knowledge generation in terms of the basic assumptions of science, scientific method, building and testing theories and the central role that evidence plays in the process [K1.1]. Chapter 1 pp 16-23 2 Can describe the key characteristics of experimental research [K3.1]. Chapter 2, pp 41- 3 Understands the characteristics of the various types of non-experimental quantitative approaches to educational research and why it is difficult use the results of such designs to make definitive statements about cause and affect [K3.2]. Chapter 2, pp 43- 4 Understands the characteristics of the five main types of qualitative research and how they can be used to address educational problems [K3.4]. Chapter 2, pp 48- 5 Understands the types of mixed research approaches, their strengths and the contexts in which they are appropriate [K3.5]. Chapter 2 pp 51-52 Chapter 16 pp 446-448 6 Understands how research ideas are developed [K1.2]. Chapter 3 pp63-64, pp74-80 7 Understands that certain types of ideas are not directly researchable although such ideas may be able to be researched indirectly [K1.3]. Chapter 3, p 64 8 Understands how researchers define research problems, describe the purpose of their study, and develop research appropriate questions and how this process is different depending on whether the research is qualitative or quantitative in nature [K1.4]. Chapter 3 pp 74-80 9 Is aware of the ethical principles that shape and guide the research process (eg informed consent, deception, freedom to withdraw, protection from mental or physical harm, confidentiality and anonymity) and can identify which principles apply in a variety of research scenarios [K7.1] Chapter 5 10 Knows how research evidence contributes to knowledge about education policy and practice [K1.5]. Can identify critical issues which warrant further investigation [A2.1]. 11 Knows how to access existing stores of knowledge [K2.1]. Can explore the literature relating to particular aspects of professional practice [A1.1].

Shoot The Teacher :: essays research papers

Shoot The Teacher During the couple of days that pass in this book, lots of things happen. A boy in his mid teens becomes to heavy a burden for his mother to carry. She kicks him out. Her divorced husband gets to take care of Adam. Adam and his father, who Adam calles Simon, move to a new place with a new school where Simon is a teacher. The very first day they're involved in a shooting. But there is more to come! Three people are shot and killed in only a few days. There are many theories of hwo comitted the killings. Simon is the main suspect, however he's found innocent. Instead the find that the murderer is Adam's only friend Naomi, who was the stepdaughter of the first victim. Adam is in the beginning of the book a rebellious young man. The typical teenager in revolt. He's growing his hair long, refusing to go to school and talking back to his mother. He seemes to calm down quite a bit though in just a few days. As a matter of fact, as soon they arrive at the new school, Adam seemes to be more mature and calm. Maybe that's because he doesn't have any friends in the new school, maybe because he feels inferior being the new kid and outsider that he is. Adam's relationship to his father seemes to vary a lot. At first Adam looks at his father as if he was a perfect stranger.And he has all rights to do that since they practicly hadn't seen each other att all since Adam was born. Then some kind of a father-son friendship evolves, but I get the feeling that it's only because they feel they have to. When Simon is accused of murder, Adam starts to hate him. Perhaps stop caring about it, is a better way of describing Adam's feelings towards his dad. The author used a technique with many enviromental descriptions. He didn't use a lot of fancy words, probably because it is a youth book.

Energy Drink and Alternative Beverages Essay

1. What are the strategically relevant components of the global and U. S. beverage industry macro-environment? How do the economic characteristics of the alternative beverage segment of the industry differ from that of other beverage categories? Explain. SEGMENTATION: The global market for alternative beverages was divided by product type (sports drinks, energy drinks, and vitamin-enhanced beverages) with different demands for each group. Sports drinks accounted for nearly 60% of alternative beverage sales in 2009, while vitamin-enhanced drinks and energy drinks got about 23% and 18% of 2009 alternative beverage sales, respectively, in the US. RIVALRY: The worldwide competition between three major producers (PepsiCo, Coca-Cola and Red Bull) made the industry rivalry become global. In U. S. , Pepsico has engulfed almost half or 47. 8% of the market shares last 2009. The only region where Coca-Cola beats Pepsico is in Asia-Pacific. Coca-cola has 13. 7% of the market shares while Pepsico has 12. 4%. Worldwide, Pepsico is still leading among the three with 26. 5% of market shares while Coca-Cola and Red Bull had 11. 5% and 7%, respectively. MARKET SIZE: The global beverage industry’s dollar value for beverages in 2009 was $1,581. 7 billion (458. 4 billion liters); with 48. 2% of industry sales was from carbonated soft drinks, 29. 2% from bottle water, 4. 0% from sports drinks, 1. 6% flavored or enhanced water, and 1. 2% from energy drinks. The dollar value of global market for alternative beverages in the same year was $40. 2 billion (12. 7 billion liters), while the dollar value of the U. S. market for alternative beverages stood at $17 billion (4. 2 billion liters). Meanwhile, in Asia-Pacific region, the dollar value for alternative beverages in 2009 was $12. 7 billion (6. 2 billion liters) and it was $9. 1 billion (1. 6 billion liters) in the European market. MARKET GROWTH: The dollar value of the global beverage industry had grown approximately 2. 6% annually from 2005 to 2009 and was forecasted to grow approximately 2. 3% annually from 2010 to 2014. However, this indicator for the alternative beverage industry was much higher. For example, the dollar value of the global market for alternative beverages grew at a 9. 8% annually from 2005 to 2009, but was expected to slow down to 5. 7% annually from 2010 to 2014. Based on the geographic share of the alternative beverages market, U. S. largely covers 42. 3% of it; while Asia-Pacific, Europe and Americas (excluding U. S. ) only cover 31. 5%, 22. 2% and 4% respectively. US is the country that has strongest growth internationally in terms of alternative beverage sales with a 84. 78% growth between 2005 and 2009; while Europe and Asia-Pacific are 22. 97% and 24. 51%, respectively. However, poor economic conditions in the US in 2008 and 2009 led to a 12. 3% decline in sports drink sales and a 12. 5% decline in flavored and vitamin-enhanced waters sales. It was also the reason why energy drinks sales increased just a little of 0. 2% between those years. 2. What is competition like in the alternative beverage industry? Which of the five competitive forces is strongest? Which is weakest? What competitive forces seem to have the greatest effect on industry attractiveness and the potential profitability of new entrants? In the beverage industry, competition can be extensive (large scale). There are many substitute beverages from tea,soft drinks,fruit juices, and bottled water. Provided that there is a wide range of substitute beverages, this weakens the competitive power of substitute beverages when there comes a change to consumer preference. Because there is a large purchase for wholesale clubs, grocery stores, and convenience stores ; consumers have significant influence in negotiations for pricing and slotting fees with the producers. Wholesale clubs and the likes find it difficult to represent new brands due to limited shelf space. When products become a household name such as coca cola, red bull, etc already offer the demands of consumers. Coca Cola and PepsiCo are the least vulnerable when it comes to substitute products since they offer a wide range of variety beverages. The strongest competitive force is competitive rivalry within the industry, competition grows stronger by the year. The primary focus on brand image is key to becoming a household name in the industry, Attractive packaging should be developed, New research and product development, Increase of distribution capabilities, Better taste and more variety. The Bargaining power and leverage of suppliers is the weakest competitive force, Consumers tend to buy more alternative products. The threat of new brands varies by market maturity of each alternative beverage category. Competition is strong and will continue on growing every year in the product line. Competition among all brands center mostly on brand image, attractive packaging, new product and research development, sales promotion, better access to shelf space, and strengthening distribution capabilities. Rivals expands their numbers and types of alternative beverages in their product line, the opportunity for low switch cost for consumers gets introduced and sales efforts to establish consumers brand loyalty. 3. How is the market for energy drinks, sports drinks and vitamin-enhanced beverages changing? What are the underlying drivers of change and how might those forces individually or collectively make the industry more or less attractive? The market for energy drinks, sports drinks and vitamin-enhanced beverages is now changing due to the change in the long-term industry growth rate. Because of the US recession on the entire beverage industry the demand for the alternative beverages was expected to grow worldwide as the purchasing power of the consumers increased. The volume of the alternative beverages offered higher profit margin than those of other beverages. Product innovation, in terms of flavors and formulation, was the most important competitive feature of the alternative beverages. They competed on the basis of differentiation from traditional drinks. This made the industry attractive because of the enhanced look and flavors that the company made. The modernization in marketing and distribution system changed the industry in the way that the beverages may be bought from convenience stores, restaurants, sporting events, delis, concerts, festivals, carnivals and vending machines. The industry was made more attractive because of the famous artists that the companies hire for advertisements. There was also an expansion of target markets, and an increase in new entrants, which made the industry seem appealing to others. The regulations and policies that the government implemented made the industry less attractive due to the products’ faults being exposed to the public. The growing concern of people about health associated with their consumption also made the industry less attractive. For example, caffeine in energy drinks, mixture of alcohol and energy drinks, melatonine hormone in relaxation drinks, and use of Kava and unapproved valerian roots as food additives. The drivers of change, however, will unlikely alter the attractiveness of the alternative beverages for the next years because large producers of this industry would rely on product innovations and acquisitions to increase sales and market shares. But individual and collective effect of industry drivers of change will likely affect the attractiveness of the industry. 4. What does your strategic group map of the energy drinks, sports drink, and vitamin-enhanced beverage industry look like? Which strategic groups do you think are in the best positions? The worst positions? PepsiCo, Coca-Cola, Red Bull GmbH, and Hansen Natural Corporation are strategic groups that are in the best positions because they have already established a market position and they hold most of the market share in the alternative beverage industry. They also account for most of the sales in the industry and they have conquered not just US but also Europe and some parts of Asia and America. Living Essentials, Vacation in a Bottle, Dream Water or Drank are strategic groups that are in the worst positions. This is due to the small number of consumers that they have and policies implemented by the government hinder their expansion. Though Living Essentials lead the development of energy drinks, they did not expanded their market thus other companies took advantage of the opportunity. 5. What key factors determine the success of alternative beverage producers? The four key factors that determine the success of alternative beverage producers: (1) access to distribution, (2) innovating product skills, (3) image, and (4) sufficient sales volume. The first one is access to distribution, which is regarded as the most important industry success factor due to the fact that most brands of energy drinks/alternative beverages cannot achieve good sales volumes and market shares unless they are widely available in stores, and there are also far too many brands for all to be included on store shelves. Popular brands that enjoyed first mover advantages such as Red Bull and 5-Hour Energy and brands offered by Coca-Cola and PepsiCo were assured of consistent access to distribution. The second factor is innovating product skills. By definition, alternative beverages were different from traditional beverages based upon product innovation. Moreover, continuing product innovations were essential to developing additional volume gains from line extensions and the entry into new categories like energy shots. The third one is image, which was also a critical factor in choosing a brand of customers. The image presented by the product’s name and emphasized in advertisements, endorsements, and promotions created demand for one brand over another. Brand image was also a result of labels and packaging that alternative beverage consumer found appealing. Small producers with poor image building capabilities found it difficult to compete in the industry unless the product enjoyed a first-mover advantage similar to that achieved by 5-Hour Energy. Finally, sufficient sales volume to achieve scale economies in marketing expenditures is also an important driver. Successful alternative beverage producers were required to have sufficient sales volumes to keep marketing expenses at an acceptable cost per unit basis. 6. What recommendations would you make to Coca-Cola to improve its competitiveness in the global alternative beverage industry? to PepsiCo? to Red Bull GmbH? Coca Cola * Increase alternative beverage drink brand awareness in Europe and capture its market * Grow infrastructure in Africa * Continue to budget and implement their â€Å"2020 vision† corporate strategy * Enhance product line and innovation PepsiCo * Focus on current energy drink line * Continue to promote their tea and juice-energy lines * Offer different sized cans for current energy drink lines of No fear and Amp * Proceed to distribute Rockstar energy drinks and strengthen their alliance with them RedBull * Expand product line while focusing on market penetration in South America * Branch out with additional lines of alternative beverages * Continue to promote brand

The Musical 1776 essays

The Musical 1776 essays The movie titled 1776 is an excellent musical version of what happened at the Continental Congress in the months leading up to the signing of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The original thirteen colonies signed this declaration and agreed to separate from England thus the United States of America was formed. Tension with Englands King George III was at an all-time high. Colonists were frustrated with the actions of their rulers overseas. Taxes were placed on them, and British soldiers occupied their towns and cities. A few members of the Continental Congress began speaking of independence. In the musical version of 1776, viewers are given a new perspective on the writing of the document. The Movie shows the date of June 6 1776 with our forefathers in Philadelphia discussing what they should do about the adoption of independence. The following scenes focus on events that surround the beginning of this country's most historic document; the Declaration of Independence. It is wonderful how the movie has a historical accuracy. The set was interesting; it showed colonial houses and the downtown area of Philadelphia that revealed the chambers where the delegates met. This brought an authentic look to the show. This movie focuses mainly on the character of John Adams as he tries to pass a motion for independence. John Adams was in Philadelphia for more than a year before his goal of gaining independence started to originate. His dream appears to be unattainable until Virginia backs his cause. On June 7, Richard Henry Lee of Virginia proposed to the Continental Congress the resolution calling for a Declaration of Independence: that "these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States..." Teaming up with Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson, Adams manages to overcome obstacles by the loyalists who supported England in Pennsylvania and the slaveholders in Georgia, North Car...

Leni Riefenstahl - Hitlers Favourite Director essays

Leni Riefenstahl - Hitlers Favourite Director essays She was Hitlers favourite director. She was beautiful and talented. She was a woman in a mans field. Three strikes and youre out. Born Helene Bertha Amalie Riefenstahl was born August 22 1902, Leni Riefenstahl would ultimately prove to be one of the most controversial and influential females to be involved in an artistic field. At merely four years old, Leni began to write poetry and paint. At age twelve, she joined a local gymnastics and swim club. At a very early age, Lenis mother noticed that she was very artistically inclined. She saw Leni had the ability to paint with a natural understanding of composition and balance. These two qualities would stand out in some of Lenis later films. At a young age Leni visited the theatre to see the play Snow White. That day set a benchmark in her life, and from then onwards all she wanted to do was dance. Her father did not support her, he wished that she would take up the family business or another suitable profession. He wanted to provide Leni with an education that would lead her into a profession that he considered respectable. Her passion for dancing continued to grow, and despite what her father said, her mother continued to take Leni to ballet. By 1910, Leni was very fond of dance and she decided to enroll in a small dance program in Berlin called the Grimm-Reiter School. Her training continued, and the family found it difficult to keep her love for dance a secret from her father. He soon found out and was outraged at the idea of Leni becoming a dancer. Alfred believed so little of his daughter and her talents and in an effort to spite her, entered her into Berlins most prestigious ballet school. He thought by enrollin g her in such a prestigious dancing school she would soon realize she lacked talent and she would have to listen to her father and pursue another career. This was not to be the case. Lenis teacher...

Gender Stereotypes in the Australian Media Essay

Gender Stereotypes in the Australian Media - Essay Example Women become over-zealous in their attempt to mirror the body image of the fashion models seen on television and in advertisements. The consumer is literally caught inside a media pinball machine as they are sold the latest 'fat-burger' and are left with a guilty conscious. Fashion, sports, entertainment, advertising, and society all conspire to push our ideal of the perfect body to an unobtainable position. There has been a substantial amount of research concerning the media's unrealistic and stereotypical portrayal of the body image. While much of the research has taken place in the US, other Western cultures including Australia, Canada, Great Britain, New Zealand, and the Netherlands have noted similar results and have found women "living with near constant exposure to narrowly defined and highly unrealistic beauty ideals".1 Television and print advertising are at the core of the drive to sustain a connection between the public and a structure that is acceptable to the members of an in-group. Verri et al. (1997) and Tiggermann (1996) found a direct correlation between the amount of, and the dependence upon, television viewing and the vulnerability to developing an eating disorder.2 In addition, Sanders et al. (1995) found a direct correlation between the numbers of magazines read by 12-year-old girls and the probability that they would consider themselves overweight.3 However, this p henomenon is not unique to females, as men also suffer from poor body image. Bergstrom and Neighbors state, "Body dissatisfaction among men is influenced by many of the same factors as that among women. Significant research has focused on various sociocultural influences on the male ideal body figure, which may contribute to body dissatisfaction" and an unrealistic obsession with muscularity.4 Likewise, the research has also shown that this problem is pervasive from a very young age on through adulthood. Children as young as six are affected by the stereotyping of ideal body image, as are the elderly, though the effect is mediated by older age.5, 6 The media's influence on body image begins early in childhood and continues through the later stages of life for both genders. Most people are dissatisfied with some aspect of their body, and many people have a distorted view of it or an unrealistic evaluation. There are two types of body image distortions that lead to dissatisfaction. The first, known as body-size distortion, is a perception that is distorted where the individual "misperceives his or her body size, or the size of various body parts, as being larger than they objectively are".7 This distortion is often a precursor and a marker for the eating disorders of anorexia or bulimia. According to Bergstrom and Neighbors, "The second type of body image disturbance, termed body dissatisfaction, refers to the cognitive, affective, or attitudinal nature of negative body image".8 This dissatisfaction is more likely to lead to unhealthy dieting practices, extreme bodybuilding, or cosmetic surgery that may be unnecessary and have long lasting negative effects. Whether people have a distorted image or are simply dissatisfied with their body, the media fuels the problem and people are motivated to take actions that may have negative consequences. This research will focus on the attention that the media places on a

Farmer you could look at how crops emerged and transformed societies Essay

Farmer you could look at how crops emerged and transformed societies - Essay Example Eurasia and Mesopotamia have contributed to the bulk of world changing developments in the history of man. The question therefore begs as to why this area was the birthplace of so many of the world’s greatest inventions. Eurasia is located on a temperate zone on the Mediterranean Sea as opposed to other climates such as Africa and the Americas which combine a myriad of different climates. This means that vegetation that would thrive in Eurasia would then be more viable since they are subjected to similarities in climate disease and seasons (Butler). A good example of this is the instance of corn cultivation in Mexico, which did not spread to Peru due to their different climatic conditions. Mesopotamia on the other hand is regarded as the birthplace of agriculture from whence it then spread throughout Eurasia. Mesopotamia is also endowed with favorable climatic conditions that would favor the development of agriculture. The Middle East climate usually consists of cool rainy winters and hot dry summers which made crops adapted by having fast growing and maturing periods due to the short rainy seasons (Lienhard). The plants, which grow that fast usually, are small plants devoid of woody stems that produce cereals in abundance. Mesopotamia also boasts of a variety of self-pollinating crops some of which cannot be found anywhere else on the planet. This means that traits which may be good for farming, will be maintained in the crop since there is no cross pollination (Vasey 97). For instance, the attribute of the cereals and pea pods shattering to distribute their seeds as much as possible is the attribute of some not to do so. This would help people to harvest the non-sha ttering varieties and grow more of them the following season and less of the shattering varieties. The geographical accessibility and good communication of Mesopotamia also meant that new technology could easily and conveniently be